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Thursday, 4 August 2022

4-8-2022 VOLOS, GREECE - SOUTHERN SKIMMER DRAGONFLY (Orthetrum brunneum)


Orthetrum brunneum, the southern skimmer, is a species of 'skimmers' belonging to the family Libellulidae.

Subspecies
Subspecies include:

Orthetrum brunneum var. brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837) (Palearctic realm)
Orthetrum brunneum var. cycnos (Sélys, 1848) (Corsica and Sardinia) 
Distribution
This 'skimmer' is present in most of Europe and the range extends to Mongolia and North Africa.

It occurs in Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia; Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, and Ukraine.

This species mainly prefers small streams, canals and ditches, with shallow, fast warming water.


The adults grow up to 40–45 millimetres (1.6–1.8 in) long. Their dimensions on average are larger than in Orthetrum coerulescens.

The thorax and the abdomen are pale blue in males, yellowish-brown or greyish-brown in females. Young males are brownish. The abdomen is relatively flattened and shows a thin middorsal black line and distinct points on each segment. The wings are hyaline, with yellow or pale brown pterostigma. The wingspan reaches 66–70 millimetres (2.6–2.8 in).

Adults can be encountered from mid June through late August in the immediate vicinity of quiet rivers or close to stagnant and shallow waters, lying on a well sunny ground. Sexually mature males defend a 'territory' on the waterfront by making short inspection flights, in order to chase away other males.

These skimmers commonly mate at rest, usually on the ground. Female lays the eggs on the surface of shallow water, touching it only with her abdomen while flying, sometimes accompanied by the male, that keeps other males at a distance.

The larvae are ferocious predators. They live buried in fine soil material (fine sand, silt, etc.), in unshaded places in shallow water. They overwinter and develop in two or three years.

4-8-2022 VOLOS, GREECE - SOUTHERN COMMA BUTTERFLY (Polygonia egea)




4-8-2022 VOLOS, GREECE - BROAD GREEN WINGED GRASSHOPPER (Aiolopus strepens)


 

Wednesday, 3 August 2022

3-8-2022 THESSALONIKI, GREECE - WESTERN ROCK NUTHATCH (Sitta neumayer)



3-8-2022 THESSALONIKI, GREECE - ROSE RINGED PARAKEET (Psittacula krameri)



3-8-2022 METEORA, GREECE - EGYPTIAN VULTURE (Neophron percnopterus)


The Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), also called the white scavenger vulture or pharaoh's chicken, is a small Old World vulture and the only member of the genus Neophron. It is widely distributed from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa to India. The contrasting underwing pattern and wedge-shaped tail make it distinctive in flight as it soars in thermals during the warmer parts of the day. Egyptian vultures feed mainly on carrion but are opportunistic and will prey on small mammals, birds, and reptiles. They also feed on the eggs of other birds, breaking larger ones by tossing a large pebble onto them.

The use of tools is rare in birds and apart from the use of a pebble as a hammer, Egyptian vultures also use twigs to roll up wool for use in their nest. Egyptian vultures that breed in the temperate regions migrate south in winter while tropical populations are relatively sedentary. Populations of this species declined in the 20th century and some island populations are endangered by hunting, accidental poisoning, and collision with power lines.