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Uperodon taprobanicus, also known as the Sri Lankan bullfrog, Sri Lankan painted frog, Sri Lankan kaloula, Ceylon kaloula, Indian painted frog, or painted globular frog, is a species of narrow-mouthed frog found in Nepal, Bangladesh, southern and eastern India, and Sri Lanka[2] up to an altitude of about 1300 metres. It can grow to an adult length of up to 75 millimetres(7.5 cm) long from snout to vent. It was originally described as a subspecies of Kaloula pulchra, ssp. taprobanica. The IUCN lists it as being of "Least Concern".
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This plump species of frog attains a snout–vent length of about 75 millimetres (3.0 in), with females being slightly larger than males. The colour of the dorsal surface is greyish-black with a symmetrical pattern of reddish-brown patches on either side including a band of colour stretching from the back of the eye to the base of the arm. The underparts are pale yellowish-grey, mottled with black or brown. During the breeding season, males develop a dark throat patch.
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Uperodon taprobanicus is native to Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh and Nepal, and is most common in southern India and Sri Lanka. Uperodon taprobanicus and Kaloula assamensis are distributed to the west and north of the Brahmaputra River, respectively, while Kaloula pulchra is located to the east and south of it, since the Brahmaputra River serves as a barrier to dispersal. This species has an isolated pocket distribution in parts of Gujarat and Rajasthan.
In India, it is found in the states of West Bengal, Odisha, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh, and is most common in the southern areas of the Western and Eastern Ghats. It is most common in Sri Lanka, where it is dispersed across the island at elevations from sea level to up to 1300 metres.
